Group to the left is called as L-form (note the use of small capital letters D and L)įor example, the glyceraldehyde has only one asymmetric carbon atom (numbered as 2) and itĬan, therefore, exist in 2 isomeric forms :Ĭompiled and Edited by Dr.Syed Ismail,MAU, Parbhaniĭ-Aldoses containing three, four, five and six atoms One form in which H atom at carbon 2 is projected to the left side and OH group to the right isĭesignated as D-form and the other form where H atom is projected to the right side and OH These may also be likened to left- and right-handed gloves. Or groups of atoms in space around the asymmetric carbon atom. Optical isomers (= enantiomers) differ from each other in the disposition of the various atoms The essential energy source for all body functions. Galactose is converted to glucose honey “the fruit sugar” Possess, and as aldoses or ketoses depending upon their Monosaccharides contain a single carbon chain andĪre classified on the basis of number of carbon atoms they TheyĪre the simplest sugars and cannot be hydrolysed further (C=O) group and two or more hydroxyl (OH) groups.
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Monosaccharides are simple sugars, or theĬompounds which possess a free aldehyde (CHO) or ketone Carbohydrates are classified according to the.Reserve or stored energy in the form of GLYCOGEN The wood in our furniture, the pages in your notebook, and the cotton in our In plants, a polymer of glucose called cellulose builds the structural framework. Provide the cells with carbon atoms for building molecules of protein, lipids, and which is oxidized further in our cells to provide our bodies with energy and to During digestion and cellular metabolism, carbohydrates are converted into Other carbohydrates called disaccharides include sucrose (table sugar) and Each day we utilize carbohydrates in foods such as bread, pasta, potatoes, and About 65% of the foods in our diet consist of carbohydrates. Many of the glucose molecules are made into long-chain polymers of starch In plants, energy from the Sun is used to convert carbon dioxide and water into Functional groups present include hydroxyl groupsĬarbohydrates are the most abundant of all the organic compounds in nature. Composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen Substances that yields one of these compounds Aldehydes or ketones and their derivatives